How to Transfer the Title and Register a Car After You Buy It

Handing over the money is not the end of a car purchase. Until the title is in your name and the car is registered and insured, you may not be able to drive it legally. This guide explains the usual steps. Details and fees differ by state, so confirm them with your state's motor vehicle agency.

What paperwork do I need from the seller?

Before you hand over payment, make sure you receive:

• The title, with the seller's name on it, signed over to you in the right place. Do not accept a title that is blank, altered or in someone else's name. If a lender still holds the title, ask how the lien release will be handled.
• A bill of sale with the date, price, VIN, the names and addresses of both parties and both signatures.
• The odometer reading, written on the title or a separate statement, as your state requires.
• Other papers: service records, the keys, the owner's manual and, where your state needs it, an emissions or safety inspection certificate.

Some states do not issue titles for certain vehicles, such as some ATVs and UTVs, so ask your state agency what proof of ownership applies.

Should I arrange insurance first?

Yes. Contact your insurer before you drive the car home, because most states require proof of insurance to register a car. Have the VIN ready and ask when the cover starts. Driving an uninsured car can be illegal, and you would have no protection after an accident.

How do I transfer the title into my name?

Take the signed title and the other documents to your state's motor vehicle agency (often called the DMV, MVD or similar), or complete the process online or by mail where your state allows it. You will usually need your driver's licence, proof of insurance, the bill of sale, and payment for fees and taxes. The federal government's page on state motor vehicle services links to every state agency.

Many states set a deadline for transferring the title after the sale, and late fees can apply. Check your state's deadline as soon as you buy.

What taxes and fees should I expect?

Typical costs include a title transfer fee, a registration fee, and sales or use tax, plus fees for plates and sometimes inspections. How these are worked out differs a lot by state, and some states base tax on the price paid or on a book value. Ask your state agency for the figures before you buy, so the total cost of ownership does not surprise you.

What if I bought from a dealer?

A dealer normally handles the title and registration paperwork for you, for a fee, and may give you temporary plates. Even so, check that every document is correct, and keep your copies. Ask for the date by which you should receive your plates and registration, and follow up if they do not arrive.

What if I bought from a private seller in another state?

Ask your own state's agency what it needs before you pay, because some states require extra steps for out-of-state titles, such as a VIN inspection. You may need a temporary permit to drive the car home. Our guide on shipping a car covers moving the car itself.

What should I keep, and what if the seller is selling?

Keep the bill of sale, the old title copy and your payment record. If you are the seller, our guide on selling your car explains how to complete the sale and protect yourself, including reporting the sale to your state so you are no longer responsible for the car.

Sources and further reading

• USAGov: State motor vehicle services

This guide gives general information and is not legal, financial or mechanical advice. Rules differ by state, so check your state agency for the exact requirements.

About the author

Elie Haddad, Founder, Smart Net 360 and Motor Mania Club. Elie Haddad is the founder of Smart Net 360 and of Motor Mania Club, the US automotive marketplace and directory that connects dealers, parts suppliers, garages and car enthusiasts. 15 years in business management and a car enthusiast.

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