How to Import Car Parts and Equipment into the USA

Importing parts directly can lower costs for workshops, dealers and resellers, but it adds rules, paperwork and risks that do not exist when you buy locally. This guide explains the main steps in plain language. It is general information, so speak to a licensed customs broker before your first shipment.

Who is this guide for?

It is for people who buy parts or garage equipment in quantity to sell or use in a business: independent shops, small dealers, wholesalers and online sellers. If you only need one part for your own car, buying from a US supplier or a Motor Mania Club seller is usually simpler and safer.

How do I find reliable overseas suppliers?

Start with a shortlist and compare. On Motor Mania Club you can browse wholesale parts and garage equipment suppliers, open each supplier's profile and send a quote request directly. Whatever source you use, check each supplier before you order:

• Company details: a real address, registration, working phone and email, and a website that matches.
• Quality systems: ask whether the factory holds recognised certifications, such as ISO 9001 or the automotive standard IATF 16949, and ask for copies.
• Samples and references: order samples, test them, and ask for customers you can contact.
• Consistency: compare quotes from several suppliers, and be careful when one is far cheaper than the rest.

Which US rules apply to the parts I want to import?

Some parts are regulated. Items such as tires and lighting equipment must meet the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) and carry the manufacturer's certification, usually shown by the "DOT" marking. NHTSA explains these requirements for imported vehicles and equipment. Parts that affect emissions can also face federal and state rules: in California, aftermarket parts generally need a California Air Resources Board (CARB) Executive Order number to be sold for road use.

Ask your supplier for the compliance documents and markings for each product, and keep them. Imported goods must also generally be marked with their country of origin. If a part is not legal for road use, you can still sell it only for the purposes the rules allow, so get advice before you order.

What is an importer of record, and do I need a customs broker?

The importer of record is the owner or purchaser of the goods (or a licensed customs broker acting for them) and is responsible for paying duties and meeting all legal requirements. Most commercial shipments need an entry filed with US Customs and Border Protection (CBP), and many need a customs bond.

A licensed customs broker files the entry and the entry summary for you, helps classify your goods and arranges the bond. For a first-time importer this is usually worth the fee, and it reduces the risk of delays and penalties. CBP explains the process on its website.

How are duties and fees worked out?

Each product has a classification code in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS). The duty rate depends on that code and on the country where the part was made, and additional duties can apply to some products and origins. Rates and rules change, so check the current rate for your exact part in the HTS or ask your broker. Besides duty, expect customs processing fees, port and freight charges, and, for ocean freight, a harbor maintenance fee.

Add everything together to find your landed cost: the product price, packaging, international freight, insurance, duty, fees, broker charges and delivery to your door. Compare that figure, not just the supplier's quote, with the price of buying locally.

Which shipping terms should I use?

Shipping terms (Incoterms) say who pays for and carries the risk of each stage. The ones you will meet most often:

• EXW (Ex Works): you collect the goods at the supplier's door and arrange everything from there.
• FOB (Free On Board): the supplier delivers the goods onto the ship at the origin port; you take over from there.
• CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight): the supplier pays freight and insurance to your destination port; you handle import clearance and delivery.
• DDP (Delivered Duty Paid): the supplier delivers to you with duties paid, which is simple, but make sure the duties are really included in the quote.

Whichever term you choose, write it into the order, with the named port, so there is no argument later.

How do I pay overseas suppliers safely?

Avoid paying the full amount in advance to a supplier you do not know. Pay for a sample first, then agree a deposit for the order and the balance against shipping documents. Use payment methods with protection, such as an escrow service, a letter of credit through your bank, or a trade-protection program offered by a reputable marketplace. Always check that the bank account name matches the company name, and call a known number before changing payment details sent by email, since fake "change of bank details" emails are a common scam.

What should I check before my first order?

Use this short checklist:

1. The part is legal for its intended use in the states where you will sell it.
2. You have the supplier's compliance documents and the correct markings.
3. You know the HTS code, the duty rate and the full landed cost.
4. You have a customs broker and, if needed, a bond.
5. The shipping term, port, delivery date and payment terms are written in the order.
6. You have tested a sample and have insurance for the shipment.

Sources and further reading

• CBP: Entry summary and post-release processes
• CBP: Importing into the United States, a guide for commercial importers
• NHTSA: Importation and certification FAQs
• USITC: Harmonized Tariff Schedule search

This guide gives general information and is not legal, financial or mechanical advice. Rules differ by state, so check your state agency for the exact requirements.

About the author

Elie Haddad, Founder, Smart Net 360 and Motor Mania Club. Elie Haddad is the founder of Smart Net 360 and of Motor Mania Club, the US automotive marketplace and directory that connects dealers, parts suppliers, garages and car enthusiasts. 15 years in business management and a car enthusiast.

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